coyert



(Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

H. W. COVERT. Permutation Look.

` No. 233,922. Patented Nov. 2, Isso.

l?? I Fyfj, /1

Illa 4 =l .MIE

y lll-lllllllw lll (Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

H. W. GOVERT.

Permutaton Look.

No. 233,922. Patented Nov. 2, 1880.

By his Harney/s @www Zim IVO UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY W. OOVERT, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO MARVIN SAFE AND SCALECOMPANY, OF SAME PLAGE.

PERMUTAT'ION-LOCK'.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 233,922, dated November2, 1880.

Application filed May 22, 1880.

llo all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY W. OOVERT, of New York city, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements iu Combination-Locks, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in the construction ofcombination-locks for safes in which a thick lining of plaster or othernonconductor of heat is employed to render them rire-proof.

Myinvention relates particularly to improvements in the kind ofcombination-lock described and illustrated in the patent of W. K.Marvin, dated July 28, 187 4, No. 153,588. In that lock the doggingappliances project inward from the lock-case, and are necessarily moreor less exposed to contact with the fire-proof filling.

My improvements consist, first, iu an improved construct-ion whereby asliding locking bar or dog is moved at right angles to the line ofmotion of the bolt-work, (not illustrated,) so as to effectually dog orcheek the latter 5 second, in an improved construction whereby thelock-case and the dial-ring are securely attached to the door withoutthe use of the ordinary screw-bolts or rivets; third, in an improvedtumbler-fence so constructed and applied as to serve for 'transmittingmotion to the dogging bar or bolt.

The nature of my improvements and the manner in which I prefer to embodythem are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l isa plan view, partly in section, on the line 1 1 of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is avertical longitudinal section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is atransverse section on the line83 of Fig. 1. Fig. et is a transversesection on the line 4 et of Fig. 1; and Figs. 5, 6, 7,8, and 9 aredetail views of the tumblers and their fittings, with respectv to whichI claim nothing.

In Figs. 1 and 2, A indicates a section of the outer metallic plate of anre-proof safe or vault door, and B indicates a section of the innerplate of the same. The lock-case C is shown in position between theseplates, extending the whole distance from one to the other, so as todispense with a well, and it is to be surrounded bysuitable lire-proofiilling. The front end or tubular nosing, C', of this case is rep-(Model.)

resented as screw-threaded and projecting through the outer plate of thedoor, while the rear end passes through the inner plate and rests flushwith its surface. The case is preferably cast in one piece, with ahollow interior of suitable shape to accommodate the lock mechanism, andof substantially corresponding external outline. m

D indicates ordinary rotary tumbler mechanism, operated by the spindleE. The inner end of the spindle enters the tubular axis F of the firsttumbler, and is secured therein by means of its screw-threads and aspline, G, or in any other convenient manner. This tubular axis has itsbearing in the hollow circular projection H of the cap-plate I. All thetumblers except the rst are mounted loosely upon the circular projectionH, and are so connected with the lirst tumbler as to be successivelypicked up and rotated and their gating-s brought into line in the usualmanner of conibination dial-locks of this character.

Kindicates the graduated dial and its knob, attached to the outer end ofthe spindle, and working in the usual way in the dial-ring L.

A fence, M, swings loosely upon a pivot, N, which passes through theinner end of the case and enters a supporting-plate, O. This felice isprovided upon one side with a cam, P, which enters an inclined groove,Q, in the sliding dogging-bolt R, for securing the boltwork of the door.This bolt-work is supposed to be mounted next the inner face of theouter door-plate, and to be provided with a suitable recess, into whichthe (logging-bolt can enter when the bolt-work is thrown forward intothe fastening position. A spring, r, (which is not indispensable,) tendsto retract the dogging-bolt, and, through the cam P, to swing the fencedown into the tumbler-gatin gs wherever they are brought into line underthe fence.

In setting up my lock the nosing carrying the nut S is screwed a shortdistance (controlled bythe position of the nut) through the outer plateof the door. The dial-ring is then placed in position upon the nosingand a nut, T, screwed down, so as to firmly clamp the ring and outerplate between the two nuts. The spindle, carrying the dial and its knob,is

ICO

then inserted and secured from the inside. The tumblers are then mountedand the capplate secured in place, as indicated in the drawings, so thatthe joint between the lockcase and the inner door-plate is covered. ItWill thus be seen that .I effect a secure tighttting attachment of thelock and the dialring to the door entirely without the use of the holes,screws, or rivets ordinarily employed.

In locks as heretofore constructed it has been customary to employ threeor four tap-bolts for securing the lock-case to the door, two or threescrews for fastening the dialring to the front of the door, and fromfour to twelve screws or rivets for attaching and securing in place theWell-hole in the door, and the cap for covering the same on theinterior. Most, if not all, of these holes required not only to bedrilled, but tapped or screwthreaded, so that the cost of drilling andtapping, and of fu ruishing the necessary screws and rivets to be used,

has constituted a very large addition to the i cost of locks of thisclass. By means of my invention a proper attachment ot' the parts issecured', While allot' this expense is saved, a single small hole onlybeing required in each of the two plates of the door.

In operating my lock the dial rotates the tumblers, as usual, and thevibrating fence rests against the periphery of the tumblers, so thatwhen their gatings are in proper position it can fall into them and befarther swung to one side, which will result in actuating the cam, so asto retract the doggingholt. The` reverse motion of the dial, when thelock is unlocked, throws the dogging-bolt forward into position to checkor prevent the motion of the boltwork, and continued motion of the dialin the same direction will derange the tumblers of the lock, so that thefence cannot again fall or the lock be opened until the tumblers are setin their proper position by a person knowing,r the combination on whichthey are arranged.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination of the case C, with a screw-threaded tap or nosing,and the clamping-nets S and T, for holding in place on the door thelockcase, and the dial-ring, as set forth.

2. In combination with a lock-case, C, the sliding doggingmolt, movingin a direction parallel with the lock-case and its spindle, and itsoperating mechanism, substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. The combination of the lock-case, the vibrating fence, the cam orinclined projection thereon, and the sliding dogging-bolt, which isoperated by said cam and moves in a direction parallel with the case andspindle ot' the lock, substantially' as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto suhscribed my name.

HENRY W. COVERT.

Witnesses:

. EDWARD C. GRAVES, SCHUYLER MEnaIr'r.

